CNC lathe machining reasonable selection of cutting parameters, for high-efficiency metal cutting, processing materials, tools, and cutting conditions are the three main factors. This determines the machining time, tool life, and machining quality. Cost-effective machining methods must be a reasonable choice of cutting conditions. Three factors contribute to tool damage: cutting speed and depth of cut. As the cutting speed increases, the tooltip temperature increases, and wear occurs. If the cutting speed is increased by 20%, the tool life will be reduced by 1/2.
The relationship between feed conditions and tool wear is small. However, when the feed is higher, the cutting temperature rises, and wear is greater. It has less effect on the tool than cutting speed. Although the depth of cut does not affect the tool as much as the cutting speed and feed rate, the hardened layer of the material being cut also affects the tool’s life. Users should select the cutting speed according to the material, hardness, cutting condition, material type, feed rate, and depth of cut, and choose the most suitable machining conditions according to these factors, and normal and stable wear is the ideal state.
Reasonable selection of tools, when rough turning, choose tools with high strength and good durability to meet the requirements of large back cutting and large feed for rough turning. When fine-tuning, a tool with high precision and good durability should be selected to meet the requirements of machining accuracy. In order to reduce the tool change time and facilitate tool setting, machine tool clamping tools and machine tool clamping inserts should be used as much as possible. Reasonable selection of fixtures, try to use general-purpose fixtures to clamp the workpiece, avoid using special fixtures; parts positioning reference overlap to reduce positioning errors. The determination of the machining path refers to the path and direction of tool movement relative to the part in the machining process of precision CNC lathes and CNC lathes. It should be able to ensure the machining accuracy and surface roughness requirements; the machining route should be shortened as much as possible to reduce the tool idle travel time.
CNC lathe processing has not yet reached the condition of universal use, and the blank should generally be placed on the surplus margin, especially the margin of forging and casting hard skin layer arranged in the ordinary lathe processing. If the CNC lathe is to be used for processing, attention needs to be paid to the flexible arrangement of the program. The connection between the hydraulic chuck and the hydraulic clamping cylinder is realized by the tie bar. The key points of hydraulic chuck clamping are: first remove the nut on the hydraulic cylinder with the handle, remove the drawtube and pull it out from the back end of the spindle, and then remove the chuck with the handle to remove the set screw of the chuck.
